Reverse Translation
Reverse translation, also known as de novo gene synthesis or in silico gene design, is a laboratory technique used to generate DNA sequences based on […]
Biochemistry
The Role of Alleles in Genetics
In genetics, alleles play a crucial role in determining the characteristics and traits of an organism. An allele refers to one of the alternative forms […]
The Function of ATP Synthase
The function of ATP synthesis by ATP synthase is to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency of cells. ATP synthase is an enzyme […]
The Chemiosmotic Hypothesis
The chemiosmotic hypothesis, proposed by Peter Mitchell in 1961, is a fundamental concept in bioenergetics that explains the mechanism of ATP synthesis in oxidative phosphorylation. […]
Retroviruses
Retroviruses are a unique group of RNA viruses that possess the ability to convert their RNA genome into DNA and integrate it into the host […]
Lytic Replication
Lytic replication, also known as the lytic cycle, is a viral replication cycle observed in bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) and some animal viruses. Unlike […]
Lysogenic Replication/Lysogenic Cycle
Lysogenic replication, also known as the lysogenic cycle or lysogeny, is a type of viral replication cycle observed in certain temperate bacteriophages, which are viruses […]
The Difference between Antigenic Drifts and Antigenic Shift
Antigenic drift and antigenic shift are two distinct processes that describe the changes in viral antigens, particularly those found on the surface of influenza viruses. […]
Donnan Equilibrium And Donnan Exclusion Mechanisms
The Donnan equilibrium is a property of biological membranes but is also a characteristic of semi-permeable membranes used in the food industry. The situation where […]
What are Fibroblasts?
Human fibroblasts are a type of connective tissue cell that plays a vital role in the maintenance and repair of various tissues in the human […]
The Various Types of Collagen
Collagen is a fibrous protein that is a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in various tissues of the body. It is the most […]