The Application of Callus Culture
Callus culture is a technique used in plant tissue culture to generate undifferentiated masses of cells known as callus. Callus is formed by the unorganized […]
Biochemical Engineering
Magnetic Immobilisation of Yeasts, Enzymes & Ligands
Magnetic immobilisation is an extremely useful technique. Immobilising cells or enzyme in gel materials which contain colloidal ferrites or magnetite allows the use of magnets […]
How Spinning Cone Technology Has Changed Aroma Separation
Spinning cone technology (SCT) is a revolutionary process that has transformed the field of aroma recovery and preservation in the food and beverage industry. It […]
The Manufacture of Malic Acid using Fermentation
The manufacture of malic acid using fermentation involves the use of microorganisms, typically bacteria or fungi, to convert specific carbon sources into malic acid. Malic […]
The Manufacture of L-Threonine Using Fermentation
The manufacture of threonine using microbial fermentation involves the use of genetically engineered microorganisms, typically bacteria such as Escherichia coli, to produce threonine in large […]
What are the top foods produced by fermentation?
Fermentation is a process that has been used for centuries to produce a wide variety of products. Some of the top products produced by fermentation […]
Streptomyces fradiae
Streptomyces fradiae is a species of filamentous bacteria that belongs to the genus Streptomyces. It is notable for its ability to produce the antibiotic tylosin, […]
The Nucleosome
The nucleosome is the basic structural unit of chromatin, which is the complex of DNA and proteins that make up the chromosomes in eukaryotic cells. […]
The Role of Shuttle Vectors in Biotechnology
Shuttle vectors play a crucial role in biotechnology as versatile tools for the transfer of genetic material between different host organisms. These vectors are designed […]
Cellulases in Composting And Fermentation
One of the difficulties in home composting has been the breakdown of woody or cellulosic materials without resorting to burning it. Industrially, there is considerable […]
What Are The Roles Of DNA Polymerases?
DNA replication is one of the key fundamental processes of biology. It is the way cells are able to replicate their coding. The DNA polymerases […]
![DNA. Nucleic acid purification. Okazaki fragments. PCR (digital PCR [dPCR], multiplex digital PCR, qPCR), DNA Repair](https://foodwrite.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/dna-geralt-pixaby-03539309_640-326x245.jpg)
What Are Okazaki Fragments And Why Are They Necessary?
Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides that are synthesized discontinuously. They are formed during the process of duplication of DNA. The other strand […]
Crossing Over in Genetics
Crossing over, also known as recombination, is a genetic process that occurs during meiosis, specifically in prophase I of meiosis I. It involves the exchange […]
The Use of Baby Hamster Kidney Cells (BHK) in Biotechnology?
BHK-21 refers to a cell line derived from the kidney cells of the baby hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). BHK-21 stands for Baby Hamster Kidney-21. It is […]
Ion-Exchange Chromatography
Ion-exchange chromatography involves the separation of molecules such as proteins based on their charge profile. It is often defined by process engineering texts as the […]
Centrifugation In Food And Biochemical Engineering
Introduction Centrifugation is one of the standard technologies in the food and biochemical engineering industry for separating particulates from fluids. Some classic examples include the […]
The Manufacture Of Starch From Potato, Wheat And Tapioca
The manufacture of starch is a very traditional process and can only be sourced from plants. It is a key component of the food supply […]
What is a Batch Culture?
A batch culture is a culturing system for growing microbes and producing microbial products by fermentation. It is a closed system meaning that the fermentation […]
Sex Determination in Genetics
Sex determination refers to the process by which an individual’s biological sex, either male or female, is determined. The mechanisms of sex determination can vary […]
Independent Assortment in Genetics
The law of independent assortment, proposed by Gregor Mendel, describes how different genes segregate and assort independently during the formation of gametes (sperm and eggs). […]