The Role Of Cleaning-In-Place (CIP) In Food Manufacturing
Cleaning your equipment for food manufacturing is a vital component in giving the consumer confidence that the food being produced is safe to eat. It […]
Biochemical Engineering
Flocculation
One of the fundamental processes of downstream processing of biomolecules is the separation of insoluble material from soluble material. It is regularly used in wastewater […]
Monitoring Anaerobic Digesters
Biogas is produced from anaerobic digestion of organic material using many different types of microorganisms. Methane is the most important gas. The most straightforward method […]
Insulin Manufacture Using Gene Technology
Insulin is a vital hormone for regulating blood glucose levels. It is critical for those with Type-1 diabetes because they do not produce the hormone. […]
What Are Plasmids?
Plasmids are one of the most important factors in the success of biotechnology. The word plasmid was introduced Joshua Lederberg in 1952 as the American […]
What Happens In Fat Metabolism? Beta-Oxidation
Fats are an important nutritional source of energy as well as molecules for cell membranes and other organelles in cells. Fat metabolism as opposed to […]
The Immobilization Of Enzymes
The immobilization of enzymes is a biochemical engineering process for fixing enzymes to a matrix or membrane system with a view to generating a bioreactor. […]
Cell Immobilization
Cell immobilization is a standard biochemical engineering technique for encapsulating cells which are then used in reactors. Cells are needed in manufacturing for the production […]
What is Citric Acid And How is It Made ?
Citric acid (C6H8O7) is a six-carbon tricarboxylic acid which is also known as 2-hydroxy-1,2,3 – propane tricarboxylic acid. It was first isolated from lemon juice […]
What Do We Know About Stem Cells ?
Stem cells are extremely special in biology. They are characterized by having an ability to divide indefinitely and they can give rise to specialized cells […]
Histones
The eukaryotic chromosome is certainly much more complex than that of a prokaryote. For start, there is a complex between DNA and proteins and the […]
Magnetic Immobilisation of Yeasts, Enzymes & Ligands
Magnetic immobilisation is an extremely useful technique. Immobilising cells or enzyme in gel materials which contain colloidal ferrites or magnetite allows the use of magnets […]
What Are The Roles Of DNA Polymerases?
DNA replication is one of the key fundamental processes of biology. It is the way cells are able to replicate their coding. The DNA polymerases […]
What Are Okazaki Fragments And Why Are They Necessary?
Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides that are synthesized discontinuously. They are formed during the process of duplication of DNA. The fragments were […]
Ion-Exchange Chromatography
Ion-exchange chromatography involves the separation of molecules such as proteins based on their charge profile. It is often defined by process engineering texts as the […]
Centrifugation In Food And Biochemical Engineering
Centrifugation is one of the standard technologies in the food and biochemical engineering industry for separating particulates from fluids. Some classic examples include the separation […]
Downstream Processing Fundamentals
Introduction Downstream processing refers to the steps taken following fermentation of microorganisms. The fermentation is sometimes referred to as a bioreactor. It will mean the […]
The Manufacture Of Starch From Potato, Wheat And Tapioca
The manufacture of starch is a very traditional process and can only be sourced from plants. It is a key component of the food supply […]
Antimicrobial Peptides
Bacterial infections still persist as a group of major diseases that have long been responsible for a high proportion of deaths throughout the world. Unfortunately […]