How to Make Puff Pastry
Puff pastry is one of life’s pleasures and it is tricky to make but worth the effort. Most people buy it ready prepared if you […]
How to Make a Pate Sablee
Pate Sablee – the pastry for very delicate and sweet tarts. It requires butter at room temperature and not cold or fridge temperature. Always prepared […]
How to Make Sweet Short Crust Pastry (Sweet Pastry)
Short-crust pastry or sweet pastry as its also called is used for a wide variety of tarts and pie bases. It is highly versatile. The […]
How to Prepare Crab and Watercress Tarts
Crab and water cress tarts are a treat for springtime. Combining delicate and light flavourful crab with the slightly sharp, peppery and pungent watercress. All […]
Zesty hot cross bread and butter pudding
Zesty hot cross bread and butter pudding is a delicious twist on the classic bread pudding recipe. This dessert is perfect for Easter or any […]
How to Prepare Tempura Squid
Tempura squid is a dish that speaks of holidays in the Far East and cruises. It’s also great to share. You can prepare the squid […]
Illipé Butter Stearin (IBS) as a Cocoa Butter Improver (CBI)
Illipé butter stearin (IBS) is a unique and valuable ingredient in the realm of cocoa butter improvers (CBI). With its distinct chemical composition and physical […]
Gluconeogenesis
Gluconeogenesis is the process by which the body is able to produce glucose from a host of non-carbohydrate sources. It occurs mostly in the kidney […]
The Urea Cycle
The urea cycle is the metabolic process by which humans remove ammonia from the body. Ammonia (NH3) is highly toxic and is the end product […]
What are Ribosomes?
Ribosomes are key to protein synthesis in the cell whether it be a prokaryote or eukaryote. Ribosomes were first observed in 1953 by the Romanian […]
What is Electrophoresis?
Electrophoresis is one of the key analytical tools available to the biochemist and food scientist for separating and identifying proteins and nucleic acids. We often […]
Downstream Processing
Downstream processing refers to the process steps taken following fermentation of microorganisms to the final product specification. The fermentation is sometimes referred to as a […]
Baijiu – the Spirit of China
Many many years ago, when I was a student, I celebrated a Chinese New Year with some of my Chinese lab colleagues. Handed round was […]
What are physics-informed neural networks in real-time cell culture bioreactor modelling?
Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a class of machine learning algorithms that combine neural networks with principles from physics or other domain-specific knowledge. These networks […]
Matricaria Flower Extract
Matricaria flower extract, derived from the flowers of the Matricaria chamomilla plant, commonly known as chamomile, is a beneficial ingredient used in hair care products […]
Potato Breeding and Variety Development
Potato breeding and variety development are crucial components of modern agriculture, playing a vital role in ensuring food security, addressing changing climatic conditions, and meeting […]
Potato Seed Production
Potato seed production is a critical aspect of the potato farming process, as it lays the foundation for a successful crop. Potatoes are typically grown […]
The Power of Alginates
An extended essay on the structure of alginates and how it impacts on their application in a range of commercial industries.
Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi)
The grapefruit earnt its name because rather like grapes, it hangs in bunches or clusters. It is a fruit grown throughout the tropics. The fruit […]
The Use of Lenticular Filters
Lenticular filters have become a valuable tool in the brewing industry, providing an effective means of clarifying and stabilizing beer. These filters, often referred to […]