![DNA. Nucleic acid purification. Okazaki fragments. PCR (digital PCR [dPCR], multiplex digital PCR, qPCR), DNA Repair](https://foodwrite.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/dna-geralt-pixaby-03539309_640-326x245.jpg)
CRISPR-Cas-9: a Revolution in Genetic Engineering
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, commonly known as CRISPR, has emerged as a revolutionary technology in the field of genetic engineering, holding the promise […]
Biochemical Engineering
The Perfusion Cell Bioreactor
A perfusion cell culture process is a specialized technique used in biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries for the continuous cultivation of cells. In contrast to traditional […]
The Great Multidisciplinary Field of Biothermodynamics
Biothermodynamics is a multidisciplinary field that lies at the intersection of biology, chemistry, and physics, focusing on the thermodynamic principles governing the behavior of biological […]
Xyloglucanase: An Enzyme with Versatile Applications in Biotechnology
Enzymes play a pivotal role in various biological processes and have become essential tools in biotechnological applications. Xyloglucanase, a type of enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis […]
The Promise of Bispecific Antibodies
Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) represent a promising class of biopharmaceuticals that have gained significant attention in the field of medicine and immunotherapy. These innovative molecules are […]
How do we create transgenic plants?
Transgenic plants are created through a complex process that involves the introduction of foreign genes into a plant’s genome. This genetic modification allows the plant […]
Brewing Series: The Art of the Beer Brewing Process
Beer brewing is a fascinating and intricate process that transforms basic ingredients into the beloved beverage enjoyed by millions worldwide. This ancient art combines science, […]
The Production and Fermentation of Cellubiose
Cellubiose is a disaccharide, meaning it is composed of two simple sugar molecules (monosaccharides) linked together. Specifically, cellubiose is made up of two glucose molecules […]
The Six Principles of Green Extraction
Green extraction refers to the development of environmentally friendly and sustainable methods for extracting natural compounds from various sources, such as plants, herbs, fruits, and […]
Cold Pressing To Produce Essential Oils
Cold pressing, also known as expression or mechanical pressing, is a traditional method used to produce essential oils from various plant materials. Unlike solvent extraction […]
Solvent Extraction of Essential Oils
Solvent extraction is one of the most common and widely used methods for obtaining essential oils from various plant materials. This technique involves the use […]
The Value of Hydrodistillation
Hydrodistillation, also known as water distillation is a form of steam distillation. It is a widely used method for extracting essential oils from aromatic plants […]
The Use of Safrole
Safrole is an organic compound with the chemical formula C10H10O2. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that is naturally found in various plants, […]
The Fermentation of Filamentous Fungi
The fermentation of filamentous fungi, also known as fungal fermentation, is an essential biotechnological process used to produce a wide range of products, including enzymes, […]
The Trickle-Bed Reactor
The trickle-bed reactor (TBR) is a type of fixed-bed reactor used in various chemical and biochemical processes, particularly in gas-liquid-solid reactions. It is designed to […]
Using Precision Fermentation to Make Rennets and Challenges to Producing Complex Components in Milk-Like Casein Micelles
Precision engineering is one of the new terms used nowadays when attempting to harness the power of fermentation for food and biopharmaceutical production. Back in […]
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are a type of nanoscale particle composed primarily of silica, which is the main constituent of sand and glass. These nanoparticles […]
How Penicillin is Made
The synthesis of penicillin involves a complex process that combines organic chemistry techniques with microbial fermentation. The general overview of the steps involved: Precursor Chemicals: […]
Agrobacterium
Agrobacteria are those used to carry tumour-inducing (Ti) or root-inducing (Ri) conjugative megaplasmids needed for virulence. Agrobacteria, also known as Agrobacterium, are a genus of […]
Types of Molasses
Molasses is a thick, dark syrup that is a byproduct of the sugar refining process. It is produced when sugar cane or sugar beets are […]