A collection of all the articles covering agriculture, biochemical engineering, biotechnology and related industry topics.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. It encompasses cancers arising in […]
Small interfering RNA (siRNA)–based therapeutics represent one of the most mature clinical applications of RNA interference (RNAi), a conserved cellular mechanism for sequence-specific gene silencing. […]
AAV1-hOTOF gene therapy is an experimental molecular treatment developed for Autosomal Recessive Deafness 9 (DFNB9), a form of congenital, prelingual, severe-to-profound hearing loss caused by […]
Pequi, scientifically known as Caryocar brasiliense, is a fruit native to the Brazilian cerrado, a vast tropical savanna ecosystem that stretches across central Brazil. Its […]
Protein secretion in Escherichia coli is a fundamental cellular process that enables proteins to reach their correct cellular or extracellular destinations. As a Gram-negative bacterium, […]
Attenuation is a regulatory mechanism in prokaryotes that controls gene expression at the level of transcription elongation, rather than initiation (Fincham, 1983). It is a […]
Copy number in genetics refers to the number of copies of a particular DNA sequence—most commonly a gene or genomic region—present in a cell’s genome. […]
Burkholderia cepacia (aka Pseudomonas cepacia) is a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-fermenting bacillus that is clinically important as an opportunistic pathogen, particularly in patients with cystic fibrosis […]
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a set of cell-surface proteins essential for the adaptive immune system to recognize foreign molecules. MHC molecules are classified […]
Bacillus cereus produces several clinically relevant toxins that fall into two main categories: emetic (vomiting-type) toxins and diarrheal toxins. These toxins differ in structure, mechanism […]
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA, often abbreviated simply as ALA) occupies a distinctive position at the intersection of fundamental biochemistry and applied biotechnology. It is a small, […]
Tumour-specific immunogene therapy represents an emerging therapeutic paradigm that integrates gene therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted protein delivery to overcome longstanding limitations in the treatment of […]
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle to the successful treatment of cancer and infectious diseases and represents one of the most significant challenges in […]
Proteins are the primary functional molecules of the cell, carrying out structural, catalytic, regulatory, and signaling roles. While the amino acid sequence encoded by DNA […]
1. What is D-Limonene? D-Limonene is a naturally occurring monocyclic monoterpene hydrocarbon (C₁₀H₁₆). It is optically active; the D-enantiomer is responsible for the characteristic citrus […]
Gene silencing is a fundamental biological phenomenon through which cells regulate gene expression by preventing specific genes from being transcribed into RNA or translated into […]
Chocolate has become noticeably more expensive in recent years, and this is not the result of a single factor but rather the convergence of agricultural, […]
Lean manufacturing can be highly effective in biotechnology, but it must be adapted to the unique constraints of biological systems, strict regulatory oversight, and complex […]
What Are Nitazenes? Nitazenes are a family of synthetic opioids originally created in the 1950s during pharmaceutical research. They were never approved for medical use […]
Global transcriptional regulators are high-level regulatory proteins (usually transcription factors) that control the expression of large sets of genes across multiple pathways. Instead of regulating […]
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